China is bordered by an eclectic mix of cultures, landscapes, and histories. If you’re headed to China already, it’s worth looking a little further to see what’s nearby.
In this post, we will explore the countries surrounding China, and why they deserve a visit.
Whether you are looking to travel through Asia, or are simply considering a trip to China, this travel guide will help you get started!
Which Countries Border China?
With 14 neighboring countries, China is a giant country in Asia.
Located in East Asia, it is bordered to the north by Mongolia and Russia, to the west by Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, and Tajikistan, to the south by India, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Laos, and Vietnam, and to the east by North Korea.
All of these neighbors really help show how central China is in the region, and exploring their diverse cultures and lands is a real highlight of venturing China’s edges.
The Southeast Asian Neighbors
Vietnam
Backpacking from southern China to Vietnam couldn’t be simpler and offers a wildly adventurous journey. Imagine beautiful French colonial architecture and the energy of Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City.
It’s a mecca for foodies, where the ly memorable cuisine will titillate your taste buds. And history nerds will be in heaven — this country’s backstory is just as fascinating as its food.
Laos
Laos kind of just feels like an off-the-beaten-path, chill-out destination. It’s great for a slowing down, such as in the relaxing town of Luang Prabang on the Mekong and Nam Khan rivers.
There you can take a slow boat down the river or find your way around the city, work on a temple by temple, just letting this mellow country slowly pass you by. It’s a hidden, quiet gem in Southeast Asia.
Myanmar (Burma)
With borders shared with Yunnan and Tibet, the country of Myanmar is truly remarkable. Picture Bagan and its temple mysticism, bathed in an enormous sky.
There’s a feeling of stepping into the unknown and seeing and experiencing something completely different in this country’s traditions and landscapes. As always though, be sure to stay up-to-date on the latest travel advice.
The Himalayan & South Asian Neighbors
Nepal
Nepal is the land where adventure and spirituality go hand in hand. As the jump-off point to the Himalayas, it’s great for travelers who want to tackle the highest mountains on the planet, most notably Mount Everest.
With its chaotic streets of Kathmandu and its peaceful monasteries, the country offers a powerful mix of culture and excitement. Whether hiking the hills or in search of enlightenment, Nepal is just different.
Bhutan
Bhutan feels like you’ve walked into a fairytale and nothing can disrupt it.
With its traditional clothes, unique architecture, incredible mountains, and a population where the majority are Buddhists, it’s hard not, to fall in love.
India
India is color, diversity, and history. Its long border with China means it has much in common with its neighbor, which you can experience in the highlight vibrant markets and ancient temples.
From spicy food to religious festivals, every part of India is unique and special. Where differences come together and create beauty and surprise.
Pakistan
Pakistan is where natural beauty and history collide. The Karakoram Highway will leave you awestruck.
The gigantic mountains in Northern Pakistan are a paradise for thrill seekers. Just be sure to research latest travel advice before you go for a hassle-free trip.
The Central Asian Neighbors
Kazakhstan
You will enjoy the huge expanse of steppes and a glimpse of cities from the country’s Soviet past. For me, it’s a mecca for anyone interested in Silk Road history, as a lot of the infrastructure remains much the same.
Xinjiang in China is the easiest way to get there and it will feel like you’ve stepped back in time within the city. It may be a bustling metropolis but the remote plains will make you feel like you’re a step away from the modern world.
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan feels like you’re walking into a postcard. The country is surrounded by majestic mountain ranges and is home to some semi-nomadic people, which means tons of unique experiences can be had there.
It’s a big spot for trekking and horse riding and is just the ideal place for some off-the-wall adventures. And, for many, it’s visa-free!
Tajikistan
Tajikistan is rugged, remote, and stunning. For a truly epic trip, be sure to include the Pamir Highway, which makes you feel like you’re on a journey in the pages of a book.
It’s not as touristy as other countries and is truly out-of-the-way but provides a greater reward for travelers.
Neighboring Countries of North Asia
Mongolia
Mongolia is a place of boundless expanses and a unique nomad way of life. Picture yourself in the middle of the steppe, surrounded by the occasional yurt and a nomadic sheepherder driving his goat.
It’s a country dedicated to nature and isolation. It’s a country easily accessible by train from Beijing, providing a singular place to escape where the modern world appears miles and miles distant.
Russia
Russia borders China along a large swath, from the cold, snowy northeast to the scenic Altai region in the west. Any adventurous travelers won’t want to miss visiting Siberia.
Just imagine what it would be like to skate on Lake Baikal or traverse the country on the giant Trans-Siberian Railway. From its diversity to its history, Russia is a fascinating country to visit.
East Asian Neighboring Countries
North Korea
There is no country on Earth more mysterious than North Korea. A short border with China is all that separates North Korea from the city of Dandong in Liaoning Province. It’s a world away: closed off, strictly regulated, and full of secrets.
To see this mysterious country you can take a guided tour that originates in China. These tours provide a unique window into the monuments, propaganda, and curated museums of Pyongyang, and daily life in the country.
Tips for Cross-Border Travel from China
1. Visas & Entry Requirements
Visa requirements vary from one neighboring country to the next, so research before you go! Visas on arrival and e-visas are available for some (such as Mongolia and Nepal) while others (like Bhutan and North Korea) require a bit more organization and guided tours.
Ensure your passport has at least six months validity.
2. Popular Border Crossings
Vietnam: You can take a train or bus from Nanning or Kunming to Hanoi.
Mongolia: Beijing to Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia is the classic train route.
Kazakhstan: Go by land or flight via from Xinjiang to Almaty.
3. Transport Options
There are excellent land connections to and from China’s neighbors. Cross-border trains, buses, and air connections are plentiful.
4. Language & Communication
Mandarin is useful near the border but English is spoken in some nearby countries like Nepal and Vietnam. Use offline translation apps (e.g. Google Translate or Pleco for Chinese) and carry a local SIM or eSIM for easy internet access.
5. Culture Shift
Awareness Crossing borders can bring dramatic changes in culture. Whether it’s food and etiquette or language and infrastructure, stay open-minded and be ready to embrace the changes.
FAQ
1. Speaking of which, when is the best time to visit China’s cities?
The ideal time to go is usually spring (April-June) and fall (September-November) as the weather in most areas is mild during this time.
2. Can I travel overland between China and its neighboring countries?
Travel restrictions change frequently and can be political or health related. Confirm the current situation before you go.
3. Can I see multiple nearby countries on a single trip?
Yes! A lot of travelers visit some of the neighboring countries as well, since they are just a bus, train, or flight away.
Conclusion
China is one of the world’s most fascinating countries on its own, but its neighboring countries are just as jaw-dropping.
From the Himalayas to the steppes, every border reveals a new cultural, historical, and adventurous playground.
Besides, if you’re going to China already, you might as well check out what’s around the corner!