Explore Ankara – a city that effortlessly blends history, politics, and culture– as it takes on its role as the brand-new capital of Turkey.
This guide book breaks down the layout and the climate of Ankara and provides a backdrop on the city’s history — from its ancient legacy to Atatürk, who shaped the city’s modern era.
Learn about the monuments of the city, its cultural happenings, and the ways you can soak in true ‘localness’. Let's get started!
Geographical Location and Climate
Ankara is located in the middle of Turkey. It is virtually the center point of the country. As a result, it acts as a major travel and trade hub throughout Turkey. The climate there is a blend of what you’d expect: hot and dry in the summer and cold and snowy in the winter. Thus, if you’re going whether winter or summer, Ankara will be able to accommodate!
Basic Historical Overview
The history of Ankara is like an interesting old book with stories of ancient wonder. Originally named Ancyra, the city can trace its history to ancient times and it was a major city during the Roman and Byzantine eras. Think of a thriving city with crowded bazaars and Roman generals, home to several generals, walking down its streets. If you were to jump a few centuries, you will see that Ankara was transformed with the turn of the century, when, in 1923, it was named the capital of Turkey, replacing the iconic Istanbul. That move was made to modernize the country and create a new vision for the future.
Historical and Political Context
Ankara has had an interesting history. Before it was named the capital of Turkey, the city was a major center and home of the Hatti civilization, and was then occupied by the Phrygians. The Greeks, Gauls, and more Byzantine people showed up. They all left, but none had the impact of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, who established the modern Turkish state and demoted Istanbul for Ankara in 1923.
Atatürk wanted to start off fresh with the country, and he thought this centrally located city was a better place than chaotic Istanbul. The move wasn’t just literal geography; it was symbolic of modernizing the country and beginning anew. Ankara has grown from a sleepy city to the political center of the nation, springing up with government buildings and embassies all over the place. The progression the city has made is impressive, as it went from antiquated to ultra-contemporary. There are stories around every corner!
Highlighted Landmarks
And you can’t visit Ankara without first heading to see Anıtkabir, the mausoleum of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. It’s not your basic tomb. Rather, it’s a lavish monument to the country’s independence. It’s enormous, with lions flanking a walkway and guiding you to the building. It’s quite a sight and utterly worth your time – very powerful.
If you enjoy history, the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations is a must-visit. It houses a great collection of artifacts that span all eras of ancient Turkey, including the Hittite period. Picture yourself wandering room after room of pottery, carving, and jewelry from the past. You feel like you’re in a time machine.
And then finally there’s Ankara Castle, whose hilltop location offers sweeping views of the city. The old castle dates back centuries, and you can tell as soon as you walk its walls and spires. A visit isn’t just about marveling at the panorama though, it’s also about appreciating the many centuries of history that have unfolded here.
Cultural Events and Festivals
Ankara is a happening place and there is no shortage of events. For example, a great time to visit would be during the Ankara International Film Festival in April. Film buffs flock here to view an international selection of films. It’s a great place to kick back, munch on popcorn, and discuss movies with like-minded people.
33rd Ankara Film Festival Submissions
Music aficionados will want to take note of the Ankara Music Festival, which usually takes place during the spring. It’s truly delightful, featuring everything from classical to jazz ensembles. Just imagine listening to some lovely tunes in the warm atmosphere! It’s a great introduction to Ankara’s lively arts scene.
During the summer season, the International Ankara Puppet Festival comes to town and turns it into a big, fun playground. Puppeteers from all over the world visit and put on some really cool shows that are fun for people of all ages. Seeing these vibrant puppets in action and narrating a story will make you grin.
Local Insights
To live in Ankara is to experience a way of life that balances traditional and contemporary, and locals wouldn’t have it any other way. I never tire of seeing residents grab a ‘simit’ and Turkish tea to kick off their morning, strolling through Kuğulu Park, or enjoying a spirited conversation over Turkish coffee at one of the city’s welcoming cafés. Just mention that you’re in Ankara, and locals will be quick to agree that it’s more than a location—it’s an atmosphere that combines heritage, togetherness, and an unbridled sense of vibrancy.
While it’s a busy capital, Ankara feels small, and the residents like it that way. With the bustling local markets in the Ulus area that sell both daily necessities and trinkets, there’s always some activity nearby. Neighbors pause on the street to chit-chat and swap stories and jokes with one another, making this city surprisingly homey. People look out for one another and newcomers are often welcomed with open arms.
Weekends in Ankara bring out the laid-back side of residents, who have learned to love the city for what it is. The Atatürk Orman Çiftliği is a popular place for locals to spend leisure time, with its zoo and nature trails (it’s great for a family outing). Alternatively, you can wander around the university life and take in the young, student-like energy. Stroll the historic sites or splurge a little and try the low-key traditional ‘ocakbaşı’ (oven grill). Ankara isn’t the most exciting place in Turkey but it grows on you. Ankara isn’t money. Ankara is a realistic – and likeable – job.
Budget Travel Tips
Traveling Ankara on a budget isn’t as tough as you imagine! Begin by looking for affordable places to stay in the city. Hostels and budget hotels are your best bet (in the Kızılay neighborhood is a popular area for budget accommodation). You can comfortable places here that are affordable and usually have lots of local knowledge.
When it comes to food, be sure to eat on the street. Whether you get a doner kebab or a “lahmacun” (a Turkish flatbread topped with minced meat, salad, and lemon), you’ll find the street food not only delicious but also very cheap — an ideal meal for the budget traveler. You should also visit the local markets and buy fresh fruits and snacks.
Ankara can be a very cheap destination. From strolling through parks and walking around the city tovisit the numerous museums where it’s “name your own price”, like the Ethnography Museum, or “free for all”, the free buses and metro, there are plenty of cheap or free things to do in Ankara.
Current Affairs and International Initiatives
But despite the capital’s historical significance, modern politics are the city’s main draw now. In recent years, the city has started major development projects to update its infrastructure and public spaces. You can see new parks and extended metro lines appearing all over the place, making it even easier to get around.
Ankara is a key player on the world stage in diplomacy and international affairs. The city frequently serves as the location for major political discussions and meetings with leaders from various countries. Turkey’s strong tradition of diplomatic engagement ensures Ankara is at the heart of many international dialogues.
Ankara isn’t just good at soft power: It spends a lot of time on cultural diplomacy. For example, the city often organizes international art exhibitions, while its universities form partnerships with schools abroad. By doing this, the city and country continue to play their role in the world and make connections.
Transport Navigation Guides
Getting around Ankara is a piece of cake thanks to its public transportation. The city has an extensive bus system and a pretty comprehensive metro line to get around the city.
If this is your first time on the metro, you should also be aware that service is regular and it connects the most important areas of the city together. The stations have maps and all the signs are in English, so you won’t have any trouble even if you don’t speak Turkish. Public buses are inexpensive and convenient too. The red and blue lines of buses that run through the city also have announcements in English to announce all the stops. 
If you ever get lost, don’t hesitate to ask for directions — and don’t worry too much. Also, the Moovit app can be useful. While getting around Ankara can be intimidating, with a little practice, you’ll be a master of the city.
Conclusion
Ankara is a city where history, tradition and progress collide, so whether you are a student of history, culture, or the unknown, you’ll find something to enjoy about Ankara.
As a visitor, you are welcomed with open arms to a city that blends its historic legacy with the energy of a contemporary metropolis. Traditional bazaars and ancient architecture seamlessly coexist with the trappings of modernity, bustling streets, and vibrant festivals. Be sure to enjoy a cup of tea at a sidewalk café, while in Ankara, take in the city’s buzz. It’s a one-of-a-kind place that is absolutely worth experiencing for yourself.
So pack your bags and head out to see the history and culture that makes visiting Ankara one of the highlights of visiting Turkey.