Turkey is a fascinating blend of Europe and Asia, with most of the country in Asia and a small part in Europe. It's a cultural crossroads, offering a unique mix of ancient history, vibrant cities, and stunning landscapes.
Whether you're exploring bustling markets, relaxing on Mediterranean beaches, or marveling at historical sites, Turkey’s diverse geography and rich heritage make it an unforgettable destination for travelers.
Where Is Turkey Located
Turkey is the gateway to two continents, nestled between Europe and Asia.
If you look at a map, you'll see that part of Turkey lies in southeastern Europe, while the other part extends into western Asia. To the north, you have the Black Sea, and to the south, the Mediterranean.
To the northwest, you'll find Greece and Bulgaria, making Turkey a diverse and geographically rich melting pot.
Detailed Historical Context
Turkey’s history is a thrilling tale of ancient civilizations and empires. Settlers were drawn to its fertile land and strategic location at the crossroads of Europe and Asia. The Greeks introduced philosophy and democracy, while Roman roads and aqueducts highlight the region’s past as a trade hub.
The Byzantine Empire, with its capital in Istanbul (formerly Constantinople), built on Roman foundations, bringing art, religion, and warfare to life. The Ottoman Empire then ruled for another thousand years, transforming Istanbul into a cosmopolitan city with palaces, mosques, and a diverse population.
In the 20th century, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk founded the Republic of Turkey, reshaping the country with a new legal code, educational system, and a focus on secularism, blending Eastern and Western influences.
What Continent Is Turkey In
Turkey is an interesting mix of two worlds. It’s almost as if it only halfway decided it was European or Asian and just decided to combine both! Most of the country — approximately 97% — is technically in Asia, specifically a region called Anatolia.
Yet there is that sliver — 3% to be exact — that embraces Europe over on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe.
This dual-continent presence is what sets Turkey apart, as nowhere else in the world can you straddle two continents. You can stand in Istanbul and feel the tug of both areas. This geographic uniqueness has given the country a unique position in the world, as it’s able to connect the East and West in more ways than one.
It’s almost as if it has a foot in both doors and therefore it plays a critical role in trade, culture, and international affairs.
Countries Near Turkey
Greece
Greece is world-famous for its history, stunning beaches and islands, this country borders Turkey to the west. Democracy and the Olympics originated here, and the country sees millions of visitors every year to explore historic ruins and beach resorts.
Greece has a long maritime border with Turkey and historical links with the country — their interactions are peppered with cultural and commercial exchanges.
Bulgaria
With mountains, beaches, and historic sites, Bulgaria sits as a welcoming neighbor to the northwest of Turkey. Arguably the most important of Eastern European countries in terms of folklore, it also has of a number of major archeological sites.
Its capital Sofia is also one of the oldest cities in Europe, and its ties to Turkey – including some Ottoman influence and cross-border traditions – show in both cultural exchanges and trade links.
Georgia
Directly to the northeast of Turkey is Georgia, a nation containing breathtaking natural scenery and with friendly people.
Since both countries are at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, Georgia has a multicultural outlook and rich history, while also containing some remarkable sights in the Caucasus Mountains. Trade and transportation ties have deepened the ties between the two countries.
Iraq
Southeast of Turkey is Iraq, a country with a long past, from its contributions to the ancient Mesopotamia to its present with cities such as Baghdad. The rich field between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers helps support farming.
Iraq and Turkey work together in some notable trading partnerships, particularly in securing energy resources and for exporting oil.
Armenia
Located to the east of Turkey, Armenia is a tiny country with a long history and a strong spiritual heritage. Known for its stunning landscapes and historical churches, Armenia has proudly preserved its cultural identity, despite waves of foreign domination.
Iran
Bordered to the east by Turkey, Iran is steeped in history and is famous for its Persian heritage and flourishing culture. Boasting an impressive variety of landscapes, from deserts to mountains, the country saw the rise of the Persian Empire within its borders.
Cultural Insights and Societal Norms
Turkey's culture is a vibrant mix of old and new. In bustling cities and rural areas, family plays a central role, and social life often revolves around communal activities like enjoying coffee or tea together.
Traditional markets and modern shopping centers coexist, reflecting Turkey’s blend of history and progress.
Turkey’s rich culinary heritage, from kebabs to baklava, offers a delicious way to experience local culture. Festivals, such as the Whirling Dervishes and national celebrations, are deeply significant.
The country’s artistic and fashion scenes are thriving, with young people blending innovation with traditional influences. Turkey’s society is dynamic, where modernity meets tradition in daily life.
Conclusion
Turkey is a country rich in history, straddling two continents with a diverse cultural mosaic. From ancient times to today, its regions are shaped by the past and alive with modern events. With its unique geography and cultural mix, Turkey plays a key role on the global stage, acting as a bridge between East and West.
Whether exploring social traditions or wandering through vibrant streets and hidden gems, there’s always more to discover. Turkey is truly a crossroads where yesterday and tomorrow meet.